On the other hand, the lighter wheels can help in improving the grip. Fuel consumption will reduce if the mass of the vehicle is reduced. Quick removal heat from the brakes improves the braking performance and so there is no chance of brake failure due to overheating.
The rotating wheel has tremendous amount of force. There is need of much energy to bring it to speed. Similarly there need be good brakes to bring down the energy and stop the vehicle. Acceleration can be achieved faster in vehicles with alloy wheels. Stopping of the vehicle is also easier and quicker in such vehicles.
In short, the preference must be for wheels of the lowest weight. Alloy wheels are introduced with the intention of reducing the whole weight of the vehicle.
Aluminum cast alloy weighs only one third of that of steel and is also cheaper. Alloy wheels are made of an alloy of magnesium or aluminum. They are light but strong and provide better conduction of heat. However, the alloys used for the wheels are not corrosion resistant. Galvanic corrosion can cause leakage of air from the tires.
Alloy wheels are costlier than steel wheels. They are mainly used in luxury or sports cars. Locking wheel nuts, which cannot be removed easily, are provided to prevent theft of the wheel.
Manufacturing of the alloy wheel is done by casting or forging. Forged aluminum is stronger than steel but lighter than most of the cast alloys. Forged wheels ensure lower fuel consumption, better road grip and better strength.
The wheels of larger diameter will spoil the drive and quality of the ride. Thus it is necessary to maintain the diameter of the vehicle, whatever may be the material selected for the wheel. Larger wheels will have bad effect on acceleration and the functioning of the car. They will necessitate the replacement of speedometer or its recalibration.
In Aluminum alloy aluminum is the major constituent. Some of the usual alloying metals are copper, zinc, magnesium, manganese, silicon etc. The main classifications are casting alloys and wrought alloys. Cast aluminum alloys ensure cost effective products due to the low melting point. About 85% of aluminum is used for products like foils, rolled plates etc.
In dry environment aluminum alloy surfaces will shine, due to the formation of a protective layer of aluminum oxide. In moist atmosphere there is every chance of the occurrence of galvanic corrosion. Lighter but stiffer design can be achieved with aluminum alloy than with steel.
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